UCI Authors in PubMed
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Das R,Fischman M,Israel L Exposure Assessment Section, California Department of Public Health, and Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine University of California San Francisco, Calif Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, Calif Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health University of California Irvine, Calif. |
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Biomonitoring measures absorption and exposure. J Occup Environ Med. 2012 Mar;54(3):271 PMID: 22406628 |
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Parnell EA,Calleja-Macias IE,Kalantari M,Grando SA,Bernard HU Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. |
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Muscarinic cholinergic signaling in cervical cancer cells affects cell motility via ERK1/2 signaling. Life Sci. 2012 Mar 3;: AIMS: The etiology of cervical cancer depends primarily on infection with human papillomaviruses, but tobacco smoking is the most important behavioral risk factor for this cancer. Therefore, we have previously confirmed involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in cervical cancer biology. In order to comprehensively evaluate the role of cholinergic signaling in cervical cells, we have addressed additional participation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). MAIN METHODS: We have studied the expression of mAChRs and cholinergic system components by reverse transcription PCR and Western blots, the motility of cervical cancer cells in cell culture, and the signaling from mAChRs via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. KEY FINDINGS: The cervical cancer cells HeLa, SiHa and CaSki express four of the five mAChRs, M1, M3, M4, and M5, and the acetylcholine (ACh) synthesizing and degrading enzymes choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and vesicular ACh transporter (VAChT). mAChR-dependent signaling induces cervical cell motility, which requires ERK1/2 activation, and could be abrogated by mAChR antagonists. SIGNIFICANCE: The epidemiological finding that tobacco smoke raises the prevalence of cervical cancer has led to analysis of the cholinergic signaling in cervical biology and carcinogenesis. Cervical cancer cells express several nAChRs and mAChRs, whose activation leads to changes of cellular properties such as increased motility and proliferation that favor a carcinogenic phenotype. The signaling involves intracellular phosphorylation cascades including ERK1/2. PMID: 22406505 |
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Clausen A,Xu X,Bi X,Baudry M Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Present Address: Department of Neurology, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA. |
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Effects of the Superoxide Dismutase/Catalase Mimetic EUK-207 in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease: Protection Against and Interruption of Progression of Amyloid and Tau Pathology and Cognitive Decline. J Alzheimers Dis. 2012 Mar 9;: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive deficits, accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, and neuronal death. Additionally, mitochondrial dysfunction and free radical damage are hallmarks of AD brain. Here we set out to define the role of oxidative stress in AD pathogenesis and progression by chronically treating 3xTg-AD mice with the superoxide dismutase (SOD)/catalase mimetic, EUK-207. Treatment started at 4 months before onset of pathology and cognitive deficits, and continued until 9 months, when the AD phenotype was established. Cognitive performance was assessed using fear conditioning, and brain oxidative stress, Aβ, and tau pathology were analyzed. At 9 months, 3xTg-AD mice exhibited a decline in performance in both contextual and cued fear conditioning, as compared to wild-type mice. EUK-207-treated 3xTg-AD mice did not display any deficit in fear conditioning and exhibited reduced Aβ, tau, and phosphorylated tau accumulation in amygdala and hippocampus, as well as brain levels of Aβ42, oxidized nucleic acids, and lipid peroxidation. The effects of a 3-month treatment after pathology onset at 9 months on cognitive performance, brain oxidative stress, Aβ, and tau pathology were also evaluated. EUK-207-treated 3xTg-AD mice did not display any deficit in fear conditioning and were protected against increases in brain levels of oxidized nucleic acids and lipid peroxidation; they also had reduced Aβ, tau, and hyperphosphorylated tau accumulation in amygdala and hippocampus. Our results confirm a critical role for oxidative stress in AD pathogenesis and progression and suggest the potential usefulness of EUK-207 in AD treatment. PMID: 22406441 |
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Calleja-Macias I,Osann K,Remedios-Chan M,Barrera-Saldana HA,Illades-Aguiar B,Anton-Culver H,Chikova AK,Grando SA,Bernard HU Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. |
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Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits with cervical neoplasia. Life Sci. 2012 Mar 3;: AIMS: Cholinergic signaling, particularly in response to non-physiological ligands like nicotine, stimulates carcinogenesis of a variety of tissue types including epithelia of the cervix uteri. Cholinergic signaling is mediated by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are pentamers formed by subsets of 16 nAChR subunits. Recent literature suggests that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of some of these subunits, notably alpha5, are risk factors for developing lung cancer in smokers as well as in non-smokers. MAIN METHODS: We have studied the prevalence of four SNPs in the alpha5, alpha9, and beta1 subunits, which are expressed in cervical cells, in 456 patients with cervical cancers, precursor lesions, and healthy controls from two cohorts in Mexico. KEY FINDINGS: A SNP in the alpha9 subunit, the A allele of rs10009228 (alpha9, A>G) shows a significant trend in the combined cohort, indicating that this allele constitutes a risk factor for neoplastic progression. The A allele of the SNP rs16969968 (alpha5, G>A), which correlates with the development of lung cancer, shows a non-significant trend to be associated with cervical lesions. Two other SNPs, rs55633891 (alpha9, C>T) and rs17856697 (beta1, A>G), did not exhibit a significant trend. SIGNIFICANCE: Our study points to a potential risk factor of cervical carcinogenesis with importance for DNA diagnosis and as a target for intervention. PMID: 22406075 |
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Bederman SS Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, Pavilion III, Orange, CA 92868, USA. |
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Commentary: The degenerative lumbar spine: a chronic condition in search of a definitive solution. Spine J. 2012 Feb;12(2):98-100 COMMENTARY ON: Martin BI, Mirza SK, Flum DR, et al. Repeat surgery after lumbar decompression for herniated disc: the quality implications of hospital and surgeon variation. Spine J 2012;12:89-97 (in this issue). PMID: 22405612 |
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Lander AD,Kimble J,Clevers H,Fuchs E,Montarras D,Buckingham M,Calof AL,Trumpp A,Oskarsson T Center for Complex Biological Systems, 2638 Biological Sciences III, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2300, USA. adlander@uci.edu. |
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What does the concept of the stem cell niche really mean today? BMC Biol. 2012;10:19 PMID: 22405133 |
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Jung KM,Clapper JR,Fu J,D'Agostino G,Guijarro A,Thongkham D,Avanesian A,Astarita G,Dipatrizio NV,Frontini A,Cinti S,Diano S,Piomelli D Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. |
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2-arachidonoylglycerol signaling in forebrain regulates systemic energy metabolism. Cell Metab. 2012 Mar 7;15(3):299-310 The endocannabinoid system plays a critical role in the control of energy homeostasis, but the identity and localization of the endocannabinoid signal involved remain unknown. In the present study, we developed transgenic mice that overexpress in forebrain neurons the presynaptic hydrolase, monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL), which deactivates the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol (2-AG). MGL-overexpressing mice show a 50% decrease in forebrain 2-AG levels but no overt compensation in other endocannabinoid components. This biochemical abnormality is accompanied by a series of metabolic changes that include leanness, elevated energy cost of activity, and hypersensitivity to β(3)-adrenergic-stimulated thermogenesis, which is corrected by reinstating 2-AG activity at CB(1)-cannabinoid receptors. Additionally, the mutant mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity and express high levels of thermogenic proteins, such as uncoupling protein 1, in their brown adipose tissue. The results suggest that 2-AG signaling through CB(1) regulates the activity of forebrain neural circuits involved in the control of energy dissipation. PMID: 22405068 |
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Ren H,Jiang J,Mukamel S Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA. haor@uci.edu |
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Deep UV resonance Raman spectroscopy of β-sheet amyloid fibrils: a QM/MM simulation. J Phys Chem B. 2011 Dec 1;115(47):13955-62 We present a combined quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics study of the deep ultraviolet ππ* resonance Raman spectra of β-sheet amyloid fibrils Aβ(34-42) and Aβ(1-40). Effects of conformational fluctuations are described using a Ramachandran angle map, thus avoiding repeated ab initio calculations. Experimentally observed effects of hydrogen-deuterium exchange are reproduced. We propose that the AmIII band redshift upon deuteration is caused by the loss of coupling between C(α)-H bending and N-D bending modes, rather than by peptide bond hydration. PMID: 22007849 |
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Shulman EP,Cauffman E,Piquero AR,Fagan J Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-7050, USA. eshulman@uci.edu |
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Moral disengagement among serious juvenile offenders: a longitudinal study of the relations between morally disengaged attitudes and offending. Dev Psychol. 2011 Nov;47(6):1619-32 The present study investigates the relation between moral disengagement-one's willingness to conditionally endorse transgressive behavior-and ongoing offending in a sample of adolescent male felony offenders (N = 1,169). In addition, the study attempts to rule out callous-unemotional traits as a third variable responsible for observed associations between moral disengagement and offending. A bivariate latent change score analysis suggests that reduction in moral disengagement helps to speed decline in self-reported antisocial behavior, even after adjusting for the potential confound of callous-unemotional traits. Declines in moral disengagement are also associated with declining likelihood of offending, based on official records. Given that both moral disengagement and offending tend to decrease over time, these findings suggest that changing attitudes toward antisocial behavior contribute to desistance from offending among delinquent youth. PMID: 21910534 |
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Hamerski CM,Lane JS,Muthusamy VR Department of Gastroenterology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California, USA. |
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Indolent primary aortoduodenal fistula presenting as iron deficiency anemia. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Dec;9(12):A26 PMID: 21723227 |
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Chaturbedi A,Yu L,Linskey ME,Zhou YH Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA. |
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Detection of 1p19q deletion by real-time comparative quantitative PCR. Biomark Insights. 2012;7:9-17 1p/19q (1p and/or 19q) deletions are prognostic factors in oligodendroglial tumors (OT) and predict better survival after both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. While studying 1p/19q status as a potential variable within multivariate prognosis models for OT, we have frequently encountered unknown 1p/19q status within our glioma sample database due to lack of paired blood samples for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) assay and/or failure to perform fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We realized that a 1p and 19q deletion assay that could be reliably performed solely on tumor DNA samples would allow us to fill in these molecular biology data "holes". We built recombinant DNA with fragments of the selected "marker" genes in 1p (E2F2, NOTCH2), and 19q (PLAUR) and "reference" genes (ERC2, SPOCK1, and SPAG16 ) and used it as quantification standard in real-time PCR to gain absolute ratios of marker/reference gene copy numbers in tumor DNA samples, thus called comparative quantitative PCR (CQ-PCR). Using CQ-PCR, we identified 1p and/ or 19q deletions in majority of pure low-grade oligodenroglioma (OG) tumors (17/21, 81%), a large portion of anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO) tumors (6/15, 47%), but rarely found in mixed oligoastrcytomas (OA) tumors (1/8, 13%). These data are consistent with results of LOH and FISH assays generally reported for these tumor types. In addition, 15 out 18 samples showed concordant results between FISH and CQ-PCR. We conclude that CQ-PCR is a potential means to gain 1p/19q deletion information, which prognostic and predictive values of CQ-PCR-derived 1p/19q status will be determined in a future study. PMID: 22403483 |
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Mukamel DB,Weimer DL,Li Y,Bailey L,Spector WD,Harrington C Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Health Policy Research Institute, Irvine, CA. |
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Nursing Homes Appeals of Deficiencies: The Informal Dispute Resolution Process. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2012 Mar 7;: OBJECTIVE: Nursing homes that are not meeting quality standards are cited for deficiencies. Before 1995, the only recourse for a nursing home was a formal appeal process, which is lengthy and costly. In 1995, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services instituted the Informal Dispute Resolution (IDR) process. This study presents for the first time national statistics about the IDR process and an analysis of the factors that influence nursing homes' decisions to request an IDR. DESIGN: Retrospective study including descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic hierarchical models. SETTING: US nursing homes from 2005 to 2008. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 15,916 Medicaid- and Medicare-certified nursing homes nationally, with 94,188 surveys and 9388 IDRs. MEASURES: The unit of observation was an annual survey or a complaint survey that generated at least one deficiency. The dependent variable was dichotomous and indicated whether the annual or a complaint survey triggered an IDR request. Independent variables included characteristics of the nursing home, the deficiency, the market, and the state regulatory environment. RESULTS: Ten percent of all annual surveys and complaint surveys resulted in IDRs. There was substantial variation across states, which persisted over time. Multivariate results suggest that nursing homes' decisions to request an IDR depend on their assessment of the probability of success and assessment of the benefits of the submission. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing homes avail themselves of the IDR process. Their propensity to do so depends on a number of factors, including the state regulatory system and the market environment in which they operate. PMID: 22402171 |
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Minh Tdo C,Oliver SR,Flores RL,Ngo J,Meinardi S,Carlson MK,Midyett J,Rowland FS,Blake DR,Galassetti PR Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California. |
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Noninvasive measurement of plasma triglycerides and free Fatty acids from exhaled breath. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2012;6(1):86-101 Background: Although altered metabolism has long been known to affect human breath, generating clinically usable metabolic tests from exhaled compounds has proven challenging. If developed, a breath-based lipid test would greatly simplify management of diabetes and serious pathological conditions (e.g., obesity, familial hyperlipidemia, and coronary artery disease), in which systemic lipid levels are a critical risk factor for onset and development of future cardiovascular events. Methods: We, therefore, induced controlled fluctuations of plasma lipids (insulin-induced lipid suppression or intravenous infusion of Intralipid) during 4-h in vivo experiments on 23 healthy volunteers (12 males/11 females, 28.0 ± 0.3 years) to find correlations between exhaled volatile organic compounds and plasma lipids. In each subject, plasma triglycerides (TG) and free fatty acids (FFA) concentrations were both directly measured and calculated via individualized prediction equations based on the multiple linear regression analysis of a cluster of 4 gases. In the lipid infusion protocol, we also generated common prediction equations using a maximum of 10 gases. Results: This analysis yielded strong correlations between measured and predicted values during both lipid suppression (r = 0.97 for TG; r = 0.90 for FFA) and lipid infusion (r = 0.97 for TG; r = 0.94 for FFA) studies. In our most accurate common prediction model, measured and predicted TG and FFA values also displayed very strong statistical agreement (r = 0.86 and r = 0.81, respectively). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the feasibility of measuring plasma lipids through breath analysis. Optimization of this technology may ultimately lead to the development of portable breath analyzers for plasma lipids, replacing blood-based bioassays. PMID: 22401327 |
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Bergfield JP,Liu ZF,Burke K,Stafford CA Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA. |
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Bethe Ansatz Approach to the Kondo Effect within Density-Functional Theory. Phys Rev Lett. 2012 Feb 10;108(6):066801 Transport through an Anderson junction (two macroscopic electrodes coupled to an Anderson impurity) is dominated by a Kondo peak in the spectral function at zero temperature. We show that the single-particle Kohn-Sham potential of density-functional theory reproduces the linear transport, despite the lack of a Kondo peak in its spectral function. Using Bethe ansatz techniques, we calculate this potential for all coupling strengths, including the crossover from mean-field behavior to charge quantization caused by the derivative discontinuity. A simple and accurate interpolation formula is also given. PMID: 22401100 |
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Yang ZH,Maitra NT,Burke K Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA. |
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Effect of cusps in time-dependent quantum mechanics. Phys Rev Lett. 2012 Feb 10;108(6):063003 Within nonrelativistic quantum mechanics, spatial cusps in initial wave functions can lead to nonanalytic behavior in time. We suggest a method for calculating the short-time behavior in such situations. For these cases, the density does not match its Taylor expansion in time, but the Runge-Gross proof of time-dependent density functional theory still holds, as it requires only the potential to be time analytic. PMID: 22401064 |
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Colla E,Jensen PH,Pletnikova O,Troncoso JC,Glabe C,Lee MK Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, and Department of Neuroscience and Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55102. |
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Accumulation of Toxic α-Synuclein Oligomer within Endoplasmic Reticulum Occurs in α-Synucleinopathy In Vivo. J Neurosci. 2012 Mar 7;32(10):3301-5 In Parkinson's disease (PD) and other α-synucleinopathies, prefibrillar α-synuclein (αS) oligomer is implicated in the pathogenesis. However, toxic αS oligomers observed using in vitro systems are not generally seen to be associated with α-synucleinopathy in vivo. Thus, the pathologic significance of αS oligomers to αS neurotoxicity is unknown. Herein, we show that, αS that accumulate within endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/microsome forms toxic oligomers in mouse and human brain with the α-synucleinopathy. In the mouse model of α-synucleinopathy, αS oligomers initially form before the onset of disease and continue to accumulate with the disease progression. Significantly, treatment of αS transgenic mice with Salubrinal, an anti-ER stress compound that delays the onset of disease, reduces ER accumulation of αS oligomers. These results indicate that αS oligomers with toxic conformation accumulate in ER, and αS oligomer-dependent ER stress is pathologically relevant for PD. PMID: 22399752 |
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McHenry MJ,Claverie T,Rosario MV,Patek SN Department of Ecology and Evolution, 321 Steinhaus Hall, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2525, USA. |
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Gearing for speed slows the predatory strike of a mantis shrimp. J Exp Biol. 2012 Apr 1;215(Pt 7):1231-45 The geometry of an animal's skeleton governs the transmission of force to its appendages. Joints and rigid elements that create a relatively large output displacement per unit input displacement have been considered to be geared for speed, but the relationship between skeletal geometry and speed is largely untested. The present study explored this subject with experiments and mathematical modeling to evaluate how morphological differences in the raptorial appendage of a mantis shrimp (Gonodactylus smithii) affect the speed of its predatory strike. Based on morphological measurements and material testing, we computationally simulated the transmission of the stored elastic energy that powers a strike and the drag that resists this motion. After verifying the model's predictions against measurements of strike impulse, we conducted a series of simulations that varied the linkage geometry, but were provided with a fixed amount of stored elastic energy. We found that a skeletal geometry that creates a large output displacement achieves a slower maximum speed of rotation than a low-displacement system. This is because a large displacement by the appendage causes a relatively large proportion of its elastic energy to be lost to the generation of drag. Therefore, the efficiency of transmission from elastic to kinetic energy mediates the relationship between the geometry and the speed of a skeleton. We propose that transmission efficiency plays a similar role in form-function relationships for skeletal systems in a diversity of animals. PMID: 22399669 |
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Villarreal L Center for Virus Research, University of California, Irvine, California, USA, lpvillar@uci.edu. |
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Viruses and host evolution: virus-mediated self identity. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2012;738:185-217 Virus evolution has become a topic that involves population based selection. Both quasispecies based populations and reticulated mosaic exchange of populations of genetic elements are now well established. This has led us to the understanding that a cooperative consortia can be a crucial aspect of virus driven evolution. Thus viruses exist in groups that can cooperate. However, consortial based evolution (group selection) has long been dismissed by evolutionary biologist. Recently, biocommunication theory has concluded that the evolution and editing of any code or language requires a consortial based process in order to adhere to pragmatic (context) requirements for meaning (in conflict with survival of the fittest concepts). This has led to the idea that viruses are the natural editors of biological codes or language. In this chapter, I present the view that the persistence of virus information in their host provides a natural process of host code editing that is inherently consortial. Since persistence requires mechanisms to attain stability and preclude competition, it also provided mechanisms that promote group identity. Accordingly, I review the viral origins of addiction modules and how these affect both persistence and group identity. The concepts emerging from addiction module based group identity are then generalized and applied to social identity systems as well. I then examine the prokaryotes and the involvement of viral elements in the emergence of their group identity systems (biofilms). Here, integrating dsDNA agents prevailed. In the eukaryotes, however, a large shift in virus-host evolution occurred in which the role of dsDNA agents was diminished but the role of retroviruses and retroposons was greatly enhanced. These agents provided greatly expanded and network based regulatory complexity that was controlled by sensory inputs. From this perspective, the role of virus in the origin of the adaptive immune system is then outlined. I then consider human evolution from the perspective of the great HERV colonization. The origin of a large social brain able to support the learning of language is presented from this viral perspective. The role of addiction modules in the origin of extended social bonding of humans is outlined and applied to the emergence of language as a system of group identity. PMID: 22399381 |
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Shieh MP,Reisian N,Walavalkar V,Slater LM,Lambrecht N Hematology-Oncology Section, Medicine Health Care Group Long Beach Veterans Affairs and Division of Hematology-Oncology and Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California. |
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Excessive therapeutic response in a case of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2012 Jan;10(1):56-9 PMID: 22398810 |
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Pevarnik M,Healy K,Davenport M,Yen J,Siwy ZS Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. zsiwy@uci.edu. |
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A hydrophobic entrance enhances ion current rectification and induces dewetting in asymmetric nanopores. Analyst. 2012 Mar 7;: Hydrophobic interactions and local dewetting of hydrophobic cavities have been identified as a key mechanism for ionic gating in biological voltage-gated channels in a cell membrane. Hydrophobic interactions are responsible for rectification of the channels, i.e. the ability to transport ions more efficiently in one direction compared to the other. We designed single polymer nanopores with a hydrophobic gate on one side in the form of a single layer of C10 or C18 thiols. This nanoporous system behaves like an ionic diode whose direction of rectification is regulated by the pH of the electrolyte. In addition, reversible dewetting of the hydrophobic region of the pore was observed as voltage-dependent ion current fluctuations in time between conducting and non-conducting states. The observations are in accordance with earlier molecular dynamics simulations, which predicted the possibility of spontaneous and reversible dewetting of hydrophobic pores. PMID: 22396951 |
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Nakai Y,Samarasena JB,Iwashita T,Park DH,Lee JG,Hu KQ,Chang KJ H. H. Chao Comprehensive Digestive Center, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California, USA. |
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Autoimmune hepatitis diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy using a new 19-gauge histology needle. Endoscopy. 2012 Mar;44(S 02):E67-E68 PMID: 22396285 |
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Samarasena JB,Chu E,Muthusamy VR Division of Gastroenterology, University of California - Irvine, Orange, California, USA. |
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An African American man with dysphagia: a unique initial presentation of sarcoidosis. Endoscopy. 2012 Mar;44(S 02):E63-E64 PMID: 22396283 |
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Nguyen NT,Smith BR,Reavis KM,Nguyen XM,Nguyen B,Stamos MJ Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California. |
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Strategic Laparoscopic Surgery for Improved Cosmesis in General and Bariatric Surgery: Analysis of Initial 127 Cases. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2012 Mar 6;: Abstract Objective: Strategic laparoscopic surgery for improved cosmesis (SLIC) is a less invasive surgical approach than conventional laparoscopic surgery. The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility and safety of SLIC for general and bariatric surgical operations. Additionally, we compared the outcomes of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with those performed by the SLIC technique. Subjects and Methods: In an academic medical center, from April 2008 to December 2010, 127 patients underwent SLIC procedures: 38 SLIC cholecystectomy, 56 SLIC gastric banding, 26 SLIC sleeve gastrectomy, 1 SLIC gastrojejunostomy, and 6 SLIC appendectomy. SLIC sleeve gastrectomy was initially performed through a single 4.0-cm supraumbilical incision with extraction of the gastric specimen through the same incision. The technique evolved to laparoscopic incisions that were all placed within the umbilicus and suprapubic region. Results: There were no 30-day or in-hospital mortalities or 30-day re-admissions or re-operations. For SLIC cholecystectomy, gastric banding, appendectomy, and gastrojejunostomy, conversion to conventional laparoscopy occurred in 5.3%, 5.4%, 0%, and 0%, respectively; there were no major or minor postoperative complications. For SLIC sleeve gastrectomy, there were no significant differences in mean operative time and length of hospital stay compared with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy; 1 (3.8%) of 26 SLIC patients required conversion to five-port laparoscopy. There were no major complications. Minor complications occurred in 7.7% in the SLIC sleeve group versus 8.3% in the laparoscopic sleeve group. Conclusions: SLIC in general and bariatric operations is technically feasible, safe, and associated with a low rate of conversion to conventional laparoscopy. Compared with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, SLIC sleeve gastrectomy can be performed without a prolonged operative time with comparable perioperative outcomes. PMID: 22393928 |
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Esfandiari NM,Blum SA Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States. |
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Homogeneous vs heterogeneous polymerization catalysis revealed by single-particle fluorescence microscopy. J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Nov 16;133(45):18145-7 A high-sensitivity and high-resolution single-particle fluorescence microscopy technique differentiated between homogeneous and heterogeneous metathesis polymerization catalysis by imaging the location of the early stages of polymerization. By imaging single polymers and single crystals of Grubbs II, polymerization catalysis was revealed to be solely homogeneous rather than heterogeneous or both. PMID: 22007973 |
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Kim PS,Ho GY,Prete PE,Furst DE Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Irvine and VA Long Beach Healthcare System; *Division of Rheumatology, Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California in Los Angeles. |
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Safety and efficacy of abatacept in eight rheumatoid arthritis patients with chronic hepatitis B. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012 Mar 5;: OBJECTIVE: There are no previous studies on the use of abatacept in patients with chronic hepatitis B. This medical record review assesses the safety and efficacy of abatacept in eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of patients with RA and chronic hepatitis B treated with abatacept was conducted. The primary outcome was DAS 28 at each follow-up visit along with markers of hepatitis B reactivation including AST, ALT, and hepatitis B viral load. RESULTS: Total of 47 visit points recorded. Mean duration of follow-up of patients on abatacept was 19.1 months (SD 12.7, range 3-33). Analysis was limited to 18 months of follow-up (included 77% of all visits: 36/47). Four patients were started on antiviral prophylaxis for hepatitis B with the initiation of abatacept while four patients were not. Among the 4 patients who received antiviral prophylaxis, RA improved as evidenced by statistically significant decrease in DAS28 scores and none had reactivation of hepatitis B. In the 4 patients without antiviral prophylaxis there was no significant decrease in the DAS28 scores and all 4 experienced reactivation of hepatitis B. There were no adverse events other than the hepatitis B reactivation. CONCLUSION: Use of abatacept in patients with RA and chronic hepatitis B appears feasible if antiviral prophylaxis for hepatitis B is given concurrently. In these patients there were no non-hepatitis-related adverse effects. These data are encouraging and should lead to initiation of controlled trials of abatacept in hepatitis B. © 2012 by the American College of Rheumatology. PMID: 22392695 |
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