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Rinehart J,Linden P,Joosten A
REPLY TO THE LETTER TO THE EDITOR.
Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2019 Jan 11;
PMID: 30641145
Amani M,Zolghadrnasab M,Salari AA
NMDA receptor in the hippocampus alters neurobehavioral phenotypes through inflammatory cytokines in rats with sporadic Alzheimer-like disease.
Physiol Behav. 2019 Jan 11;
Many patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) suffer from memory impairment, anxiety- and depression. The systemic utility of N-Methyl-d-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists has been shown to be potential therapeutic target for memory loss in AD. However, there is no evidence that shows whether NMDA receptor antagonists have the same effects when these blockers are directly used within the brain regions including hippocampus. It might be an urgent to further explore the therapeutic role of NMDA receptor antagonists in behavioral abnormalities such as anxiety and depression in AD. The aim of this study was to determine whether blockade of the hippocampal NMDA receptors could attenuate neurobehavioral abnormalities in rats with sporadic AD. Twelve days after AD induction by streptozotocin (STZ), animals received either vehicle or MK-801 (NMDA receptor antagonist) in the hippocampus for 10?days. Two or five days after the last MK-801 treatment, spatial memory, anxiety- and depression-related behaviors, and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-(IL)-6, IL-1ß and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a) were evaluated. Our findings indicated that STZ treatment significantly elevated hippocampal inflammation, impaired spatial memory, and increased anxiety- and depression-related symptoms in rats. Interestingly, the hippocampal NMDA receptor blockade improved these neurobehavioral phenotypes and decreased inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus of STZ-treated rats. Hippocampal NMDA receptors might be involved in neurobehavioral abnormalities via inflammation in sporadic AD.
PMID: 30641081
Gordon C,Gonzales S,Krychman ML
Rethinking the techno vagina: a case series of patient complications following vaginal laser treatment for atrophy.
Menopause. 2019 Jan 04;
The treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) includes prescription hormone therapy, nonhormonal over-the-counter products, and most recently, laser treatment. Although the Food and Drug Administration has cleared fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser for a variety of dermatologic and gynecologic indications, lasers have not to date, been approved for use for vulvar/vaginal atrophy, or sexual dysfunction.
PMID: 30640806
Mo JH,Elsensohn AN,Garcia D,Lee PK,de Feraudy S
Nonhealing Crusted Papule on the Nasal Sidewall.
Dermatol Surg. 2019 Jan 11;
PMID: 30640786
Shive M,Zachary C,Lee P
Moh Play-Doh Please: Using Modeling Clay to Teach Concepts Underlying Mohs Micrographic Surgery.
Dermatol Surg. 2019 Jan 11;
PMID: 30640768
Shapiro WL,Yu EL,Arin JC,Murray K,Ali S,Desai N,Xanthakos S,Lin H,Alkhouri N,Abdou R,Abrams S,Butler MW,Faasse SA,Gillis LA,Hadley TA,Jain AK,Kavan M,Kordy K,Lee P,Panganiban J,Pohl JF,Potter C,Rudolph B,Sundaram SS,Joshi S,Proudfoot J,Goyal NP,Harlow KE,Newton KP,Schwimmer JB
Clinical Practice Approach to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Pediatric Gastroenterologists in the United States.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2018 Oct 29;
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common; however, no information is available on how pediatric gastroenterologists in the United States manage NAFLD. Therefore, study objectives were to: (1) understand how pediatric gastroenterologists in the US approach the management of NAFLD (2) identify barriers to care for children with NAFLD.
PMID: 30640271
Halpern P,Dang T,Epstein Y,Bringas Dimitriades DVS-,Koenig KL
Six Hours of Manual Ventilation With a Bag-Valve-Mask Device Is Feasible and Clinically Consistent.
Crit Care Med. 2019 Jan 10;
Manual ventilation of intubated patients is a common intervention. It requires skill as well as physical effort and is typically restricted to brief periods. Prolonged manual ventilation may be unavoidable in some scenarios, for example, extreme mass casualty incidents. The present study tested whether nurses are capable of appropriately manually ventilating patients for 6 hours.
PMID: 30640219
Kaganyuk M,Mohraz A
Role of particles in the rheology of solid-stabilized high internal phase emulsions.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2019 Jan 02;540:197-206
The presence of colloidal particles on fluid interfaces can have a significant impact on the rheology of solid-stabilized high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs).
PMID: 30640067
Yafi FA,Hellstrom WJG
Immediate Placement of Penile Prosthesis for the Management of Ischemic Priapism as First-line Treatment.
Eur Urol Focus. 2019 Jan 10;
In patients presenting with early ischemic priapism, proceeding with the conventional paradigm is recommended. In those presenting late (>48 h), penile prosthesis placement can easily be performed 2-6 wk later, with no increase in surgical difficulty or morbidity. Immediate penile prosthesis implantation should be reserved for motivated patients who understand the increased associated risks, have evidence of corporal fibrosis on imaging, and are being treated in a center of excellence.
PMID: 30639251
Yuan OD,Lin C,Wagner J,Archard J,Deng P,Halmai J,Bauer G,Fink K,Fury B,Perotti N,Walker J,Pollock K,Apperson M,Butters J,Belafsky P,Farwell DG,Kuhn M,Nolta JA,Anderson JD
Exosomes Derived from Human Primed Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Mitosis and Potentiate Growth Factor Secretion.
Stem Cells Dev. 2019 Jan 14;
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) facilitate functional recovery in numerous animal models of inflammatory and ischemic tissue related diseases with a growing body of research suggesting that exosomes mediate many of these therapeutic effects. It remains unclear, however, which types of proteins are packaged into exosomes as compared to the cells from which they are derived. Here, using comprehensive proteomic analysis, we demonstrated that human primed MSCs secrete exosomes (pMEX) that are packaged with markedly higher fractions of specific protein subclasses as compared to their cells of origin, indicating regulation of their contents. Notably, we found that pMEX are also packaged with substantially elevated levels of extracellular associated proteins. Fibronectin was the most abundant protein detected and data established that fibronectin mediates the mitogenic properties of pMEX. In addition, treatment of SHSY5Y cells with pMEX induced the secretion of growth factors known to possess mitogenic and neurotrophic properties. Taken together, our comprehensive analysis indicates that pMEX are packaged with specific protein subtypes which may provide a molecular basis for their distinct functional properties.
PMID: 30638129
Du X,Shi R,Wang Y,Wu W,Sun S,Dai Z,Chen C,Weng Z,Li X,Liu Q,Zhang L,Saidian M,Yang W
Isoforskolin and forskolin attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation through TLR4/MyD88/NF-?B cascades in human mononuclear leukocytes.
Phytother Res. 2019 Jan 14;
The principal active component of isoforskolin (ISOF) is from the plant Coleus forskohlii, native to China, which has attracted much attention for its biological effects. We hypothesize that ISOF and forskolin (FSK) pretreatment attenuates inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) related to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-?B) signaling. Mononuclear leukocytes (MLs) from healthy donors' blood samples were separated by using density gradient centrifugation. Protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-?B were detected using western blot and inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL) 1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-21, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) a, and TNF-ß were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Quantibody array in MLs. Our results showed that LPS augmented the protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-?B in MLs and the production of IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-21, IL-23, TNF-a, and TNF-ß in supernatants of MLs. Despite treatment with ISOF and FSK prior to LPS, the protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-?B, IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-21, IL-23, TNF-a, and TNF-ß in MLs were apparently decreased. roflumilast (RF) and dexamethasone (DM) had a similar effect on MLs with ISOF and FSK. Our results, for the first time, have shown that ISOF and FSK attenuate inflammation in MLs induced by LPS through down-regulating protein levels of IL-1ß and TNF-a, in which TLR4/MyD88/NF-?B signal pathway could be involved.
PMID: 30637903
Prasad KN,Bondy SC
Oxidative and Inflammatory Events in Prion Diseases: Can They Be Therapeutic Targets?
Curr Aging Sci. 2019 Jan 10;
Prion diseases are a group of incurable infectious terminal neurodegenerative diseases caused by the aggregated misfolded PrPsc in selected mammals including humans. The complex physical interaction between normal prion protein PrPc and infectious PrPsc causes conformational change from the a- helix structure of PrPc to the ß-sheet structure of PrPsc, and this process is repeated. Increased oxidative stress is one of the factors that facilitate conversion of PrPc to PrPsc. This overview presents evidence to show that increased oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the progression of this disease. Evidence is given for the participation of redox-sensitive metals Cu and Fe with PrPsc in inducing oxidative stress by disturbing the homeostasis of these metals. The fact that some antioxidants block the toxicity of misfolded PrPc peptide supports the role of oxidative stress in prion disease. After exogenous infection in mice, PrPsc enters the follicular dendritic cells where PrPsc replicates before neuroinvasion where they continue to replicate and cause inflammation leading to neurodegeneration. Therefore, reducing levels of oxidative stress and inflammation may decrease the rate of the progression of this disease. It may be important order to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation at the same time. This may be achieved by increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes by activating the Nrf2 pathway together with simultaneous administration of dietary and endogenous antioxidants. It is proposed that a mixture of micronutrients could enable these concurrent events thereby reducing the progression of human prion disease.
PMID: 30636622
Bower MM,Sweidan AJ,Shafie M,Atallah S,Groysman LI,Yu W
Contemporary Reversal of Oral Anticoagulation in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
Stroke. 2019 Jan 14;:STROKEAHA118023840
PMID: 30636573
Ma H,Yu S,Liu X,Zhang Y,Fakadej T,Liu Z,Yin C,Shen W,Locasale JW,Taylor JM,Qian L,Liu J
Lin28a Regulates Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophic Growth through Pck2-Mediated Enhancement of Anabolic Synthesis.
Circulation. 2019 Jan 14;
Hypertrophic response to pathological stimuli is a complex biological process that involves transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of the cardiac transcriptome. Though previous studies have implicated transcriptional factors and signaling molecules in pathological hypertrophy, the role of RNA-binding protein (RBP) in this process has received little attention.
PMID: 30636447
Adachi I,Adye T,Ahmed H,Ahn JK,Aihara H,Akar S,Alam MS,Albert J,Anulli F,Arnaud N,Asner DM,Aston D,Atmacan H,Aushev T,Ayad R,Babu V,Badhrees I,Bakich AM,Banerjee S,Bansal V,Barlow RJ,Batignani G,Beaulieu A,Behera P,Bellis M,Ben-Haim E,Bernard D,Bernlochner FU,Bettarini S,Bettoni D,Bevan AJ,Bhardwaj V,Bhuyan B,Bianchi F,Biasini M,Biswal J,Blinov VE,Bomben M,Bondar A,Bonneaud GR,Bozek A,Bozzi C,Bracko M,Browder TE,Brown DN,Brown DN,Bünger C,Burchat PR,Buzykaev AR,Calabrese R,Calcaterra A,Calderini G,Di Carlo S,Carpinelli M,Cartaro C,Casarosa G,Cenci R,Chao DS,Chauveau J,Cheaib R,Chen A,Chen C,Cheng CH,Cheon BG,Chilikin K,Cho K,Choi Y,Choudhury S,Chrzaszcz M,Cibinetto G,Cinabro D,Cochran J,Coleman JP,Convery MR,Cowan G,Cowan R,Cremaldi L,Cunliffe S,Dash N,Davier M,Davis CL,De Mori F,De Nardo G,Denig AG,de Sangro R,Dey B,Di Lodovico F,Dittrich S,Doležal Z,Dorfan J,Drásal Z,Druzhinin VP,Dunwoodie W,Ebert M,Echenard B,Eidelman S,Eigen G,Eisner AM,Emery S,Epifanov D,Ernst JA,Faccini R,Fast JE,Feindt M,Ferber T,Ferrarotto F,Ferroni F,Field RC,Filippi A,Finocchiaro G,Fioravanti E,Flood KT,Forti F,Fritsch M,Fulsom BG,Gabathuler E,Gamba D,Garg R,Garmash A,Gary JW,Garzia I,Gaur V,Gaz A,Gelb M,Gershon TJ,Li Gioi L,Giorgi MA,Giri A,Godang R,Goldenzweig P,Golob B,Golubev VB,Gorodeisky R,Gradl W,Graham MT,Grauges E,Griessinger K,Gritsan AV,Grünberg O,Guan Y,Guido E,Guttman N,Haba J,Hafner A,Hara T,Harrison PF,Hast C,Hayasaka K,Hayashii H,Hearty C,Heck M,Hedges MT,Heß M,Hirose S,Hitlin DG,Honscheid K,Hou WS,Hsu CL,Huard Z,Van Hulse C,Hutchcroft DE,Inami K,Inguglia G,Innes WR,Ishikawa A,Itoh R,Iwasaki M,Iwasaki Y,Izen JM,Jacobs WW,Jawahery A,Jessop CP,Jia S,Jin Y,Joo KK,Julius T,Kaliyar AB,Kang KH,Karyan G,Kass R,Kichimi H,Kim DY,Kim JB,Kim KT,Kim SH,Kim J,Kim P,King GJ,Kinoshita K,Koch H,Kodyš P,Kolomensky YG,Korpar S,Kotchetkov D,Kowalewski R,Kravchenko EA,Križan P,Kroeger R,Krokovny P,Kuhr T,Kulasiri R,Kumita T,Kuzmin A,Kwon YJ,Lacker HM,Lafferty GD,Lanceri L,Lange JS,Lange DJ,Lankford AJ,Latham TE,Leddig T,Le Diberder F,Lee IS,Lee SC,Lees JP,Leith DWGS,Li LK,Li YB,Li Y,Libby J,Liventsev D,Lockman WS,Long O,LoSecco JM,Lou XC,Lubej M,Lueck T,Luitz S,Luo T,Luppi E,Lusiani A,Lutz AM,MacFarlane DB,MacNaughton J,Mallik U,Manoni E,Marchiori G,Margoni M,Martellotti S,Martinez-Vidal F,Masuda M,Matsuda T,Mattison TS,Matvienko D,McKenna JA,Meadows BT,Merola M,Miyabayashi K,Miyashita TS,Miyata H,Mizuk R,Mohanty GB,Moon HK,Mori T,Muller DR,Müller T,Mussa R,Nakano E,Nakao M,Nanut T,Nath KJ,Nayak M,Neal H,Neri N,Nisar NK,Nishida S,Nugent IM,Oberhof B,Ocariz J,Ogawa S,Ongmongkolkul P,Ono H,Onuchin AP,Onuki Y,Oyanguren A,Pakhlov P,Pakhlova G,Pal B,Palano A,Palombo F,Panduro Vazquez W,Paoloni E,Pardi S,Park H,Passaggio S,Patrignani C,Patteri P,Paul S,Pavelkin I,Payne DJ,Pedlar TK,Peimer DR,Peruzzi IM,Pestotnik R,Piccolo M,Piilonen LE,Pilloni A,Piredda G,Poireau V,Popov V,Porter FC,Posocco M,Prell S,Prepost R,Puccio EMT,Purohit MV,Pushpawela BG,Rama M,Randle-Conde A,Ratcliff BN,Raven G,Resmi PK,Ritchie JL,Ritter M,Rizzo G,Roberts DA,Robertson SH,Röhrken M,Roney JM,Roodman A,Rossi A,Rotondo M,Rozanska M,Russo G,Sacco R,Al Said S,Sakai Y,Salehi M,Sandilya S,Santelj L,Santoro V,Sanuki T,Savinov V,Schneider O,Schnell G,Schroeder T,Schubert KR,Schwanda C,Schwartz AJ,Schwitters RF,Sciacca C,Seddon RM,Seino Y,Sekula SJ,Senyo K,Seon O,Serednyakov SI,Sevior ME,Shebalin V,Shen CP,Shibata TA,Shimizu N,Shiu JG,Simi G,Simon F,Simonetto F,Skovpen YI,Smith JG,Smith AJS,So RY,Sobie RJ,Soffer A,Sokoloff MD,Solodov EP,Solovieva E,Spanier SM,Staric M,Stroili R,Sullivan MK,Sumisawa K,Sumiyoshi T,Summers DJ,Sun L,Takizawa M,Tamponi U,Tanida K,Taras P,Tasneem N,Tenchini F,Tisserand V,Todyshevx KY,Touramanis C,Uchida M,Uglov T,Unno Y,Uno S,Vahsen SE,Varner G,Vasseur G,Va'vra J,Cervenkov D,Verderi M,Vitale L,Vorobyev V,Voß C,Wagner SR,Waheed E,Waldi R,Walsh JJ,Wang B,Wang CH,Wang MZ,Wang P,Watanabe Y,Wilson FF,Wilson JR,Wisniewski WJ,Won E,Wormser G,Wright DM,Wu SL,Ye H,Yuan CZ,Yusa Y,Zakharov S,Zallo A,Zani L,Zhang ZP,Zhilich V,Zhukova V,Zhulanov V,Zupanc A, ,
First Evidence for cos2ß>0 and Resolution of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Quark-Mixing Unitarity Triangle Ambiguity.
Phys Rev Lett. 2018 Dec 28;121(26):261801
We present first evidence that the cosine of the CP-violating weak phase 2ß is positive, and hence exclude trigonometric multifold solutions of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) Unitarity Triangle using a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of B^{0}?D^{(*)}h^{0} with D?K_{S}^{0}p^{+}p^{-} decays, where h^{0}?{p^{0},?,?} denotes a light unflavored and neutral hadron. The measurement is performed combining the final data sets of the BABAR and Belle experiments collected at the ?(4S) resonance at the asymmetric-energy B factories PEP-II at SLAC and KEKB at KEK, respectively. The data samples contain (471±3)×10^{6}BB[over ¯] pairs recorded by the BABAR detector and (772±11)×10^{6}BB[over ¯] pairs recorded by the Belle detector. The results of the measurement are sin2ß=0.80±0.14(stat)±0.06(syst)±0.03(model) and cos2ß=0.91±0.22(stat)±0.09(syst)±0.07(model). The result for the direct measurement of the angle ß of the CKM Unitarity Triangle is ß=[22.5±4.4(stat)±1.2(syst)±0.6(model)]°. The measurement assumes no direct CP violation in B^{0}?D^{(*)}h^{0} decays. The quoted model uncertainties are due to the composition of the D^{0}?K_{S}^{0}p^{+}p^{-} decay amplitude model, which is newly established by performing a Dalitz plot amplitude analysis using a high-statistics e^{+}e^{-}?cc[over ¯] data sample. CP violation is observed in B^{0}?D^{(*)}h^{0} decays at the level of 5.1 standard deviations. The significance for cos2ß>0 is 3.7 standard deviations. The trigonometric multifold solution p/2-ß=(68.1±0.7)° is excluded at the level of 7.3 standard deviations. The measurement resolves an ambiguity in the determination of the apex of the CKM Unitarity Triangle.
PMID: 30636113
Adams AL,Li BH,Bhandari S,Kamat S,Sundar S,Krasa H,Rhee CM,Kalantar-Zadeh K,Jacobsen SJ,Sim JJ
Chronic hyponatremia and association with osteoporosis among a large racially/ethnically diverse population.
Osteoporos Int. 2019 Jan 11;
Chronic hyponatremia may contribute to decreased bone density. We studied 341,003 men and women who underwent DXA testing and observed that individuals with chronic hyponatremia (sodium
PMID: 30635697
Mesitov MV,Yu T,Suematsu T,Sement FM,Zhang L,Yu C,Huang L,Aphasizheva I
Pentatricopeptide repeat poly(A) binding protein KPAF4 stabilizes mitochondrial mRNAs in Trypanosoma brucei.
Nat Commun. 2019 Jan 11;10(1):146
In Trypanosoma brucei, most mitochondrial mRNAs undergo editing, and 3' adenylation and uridylation. The internal sequence changes and terminal extensions are coordinated: pre-editing addition of the short (A) tail protects the edited transcript against 3'-5' degradation, while post-editing A/U-tailing renders mRNA competent for translation. Participation of a poly(A) binding protein (PABP) in coupling of editing and 3' modification processes has been inferred, but its identity and mechanism of action remained elusive. We report identification of KPAF4, a pentatricopeptide repeat-containing PABP which sequesters the A-tail and impedes mRNA degradation. Conversely, KPAF4 inhibits uridylation of A-tailed transcripts and, therefore, premature A/U-tailing of partially-edited mRNAs. This quality check point likely prevents translation of incompletely edited mRNAs. We also find that RNA editing substrate binding complex (RESC) mediates the interaction between the 5' end-bound pyrophosphohydrolase MERS1 and 3' end-associated KPAF4 to enable mRNA circularization. This event appears to be critical for edited mRNA stability.
PMID: 30635574
Moskowitz D,Gioia KT,Wolff EM,Massman JD,Lucioni A,Kobashi KC,Lee UJ
Analysis of the Completely Dry Rate over Time after Mid-Urethral Sling in a Real-World Clinical Setting.
Urology. 2019 Jan 08;
To improve patient counseling regarding mid-urethral slings (MUS), we performed an analysis of MUS patients dry at initial follow up to evaluate probability of remaining dry over time, and analyzed clinical factors potentially influencing the probability of remaining dry.
PMID: 30634028
Genaro K,Fabris D,Prado WA
The antinociceptive effect of anterior pretectal nucleus stimulation is mediated by distinct neurotransmitter mechanisms in descending pain pathways.
Brain Res Bull. 2019 Jan 08;
Electrical stimulation of the anterior pretectal nucleus (APtN) activates two descending pain inhibitory pathways. One of these pathways relays in the ipsilateral lateral paragigantocellular nucleus (LPGi), whereas the other pathway relays in the contralateral pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg). Antinociceptive effect of APtN stimulation has been seen in various pain models in the rodents. Similarly, LPGi or PPTg stimulation results in higher pain thresholds. Descending antinociceptive pathways activated by electrical APtN stimulation have been elucidated, but the underlying neurotransmitter mechanisms involved have not been clarified yet. This study investigates the role that endogenous signaling plays in the ipsilateral LPGi or contralateral PPTg after the APtN is stimulated in the tail-flick test. First, we submitted rats to excitotoxic injection of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) into the contralateral PPTg. Then, we examined whether blockage of NMDA (AP-7), serotonergic (methysergide), or opioid (naloxone) receptors in the ipsilateral LPGi is required for APtN stimulation-evoked analgesia (SEA). Likewise, we examined the effects of antagonists of NMDA, serotonergic, or cholinergic nicotinic (mecamylamine) receptors on the contralateral PPTg in ipsilateral LPGi-lesioned rats. Our results confirmed that APtN stimulation activates two pain inhibitory pathways and showed that endogenous opioid signaling in the ipsilateral LPGi appears to be necessary for APtN SEA and for endogenous NMDA, serotoninergic, and nicotinergic signaling in the contralateral PPTg.
PMID: 30634015
Moreira X,Abdala-Roberts L,Pérez-Ramos IM,Knops JMH,Pesendorfer MB,Koenig WD,Mooney KA
Weather cues associated with masting behavior dampen the negative autocorrelation between past and current reproduction in oaks.
Am J Bot. 2019 Jan 11;
The influence of weather conditions on masting and the ecological advantages of this reproductive behavior have been the subject of much interest. Weather conditions act as cues influencing reproduction of individual plants, and similar responses expressed across many individuals lead to population-level synchrony in reproductive output. In turn, synchrony leads to benefits from economies of scale such as enhanced pollination success and seed predator satiation. However, there may also be individual-level benefits from reproductive responses to weather cues, which may explain the origin of masting in the absence of economies of scale. In a previous study, we found support for a mechanism whereby individual responses to weather cues attenuate the negative autocorrelation between past and current annual seed production-a pattern typically attributed to resource limitation and reproductive tradeoffs among years.
PMID: 30633821
Gallo LC,Roesch SC,Bravin JI,Savin KL,Perreira K,Carnethon MR,Delamater AM,Salazar CR,Lopez-Gurrola M,Isasi CR
Socioeconomic Adversity, Social Resources, and Allostatic Load among Hispanic/Latino Youth: The Study of Latino Youth.
Psychosom Med. 2019 Jan 10;
We examined associations among socioeconomic adversity, social resources, and allostatic load in Hispanic/Latino youth, who are at high risk for obesity and related cardiometabolic risks.
PMID: 30633066
Sharma AN,Tiourin E,Banyard DA,Sharma SN,Ng WKY
Clinical Utility of Postoperative Computed Tomography Imaging in Orbital Floor Fracture Management.
Ann Plast Surg. 2019 Jan 09;
Surgical repair of orbital floor fractures aims to improve visual function and appearance. Postoperative care often involves computed tomography (CT) imaging in addition to physical examination. It has yet to be investigated whether postoperative CT imaging influences treatment of orbital floor fractures.
PMID: 30633017
Kral TRA,Stodola DE,Birn RM,Mumford JA,Solis E,Flook L,Patsenko EG,Anderson CG,Steinkuehler C,Davidson RJ
Neural correlates of video game empathy training in adolescents: a randomized trial.
NPJ Sci Learn. 2018;3:13
The ability to understand emotional experiences of others, empathy, is a valuable skill for effective social interactions. Various types of training increase empathy in adolescents, but their impact on brain circuits underlying empathy has not been examined. Video games provide a unique medium familiar and engaging to adolescents and can be used to deliver training at scale. We developed an empathy training video game, Crystals of Kaydor (Crystals), and investigated whether playing Crystals increases empathic accuracy (EA) and related brain activation in adolescents (?=?74; 27 female; mean age(sd)?=?12.8(0.7) years; age range 11-14 years). Participants completed a resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) scan and an EA task during an fMRI scan before and after 2 weeks of daily gameplay with either the empathy training game, Crystals (?=?34), or the commercial video game Bastion (?=?40), an active control condition. There were no group differences in EA improvement following gameplay, however, engagement with training aspects of Crystals was associated with a higher increase in EA-related activation in right temporoparietal junction following gameplay. Moreover, rs-fMRI connectivity in empathy-related brain circuits (posterior cingulate-medial prefrontal cortex; MPFC) was stronger after Crystals gameplay compared to Bastion. The more individuals' EA increased following Crystals versus Bastion, the stronger their rs-fMRI connectivity in brain circuits relevant for emotion regulation (amygdala-MPFC). These findings suggest that a video game designed to increase empathic accuracy produces behaviorally-relevant, functional neural changes in fewer than 6?h of gameplay in adolescents.
PMID: 30631474
Watterberg KL,Hintz SR,Do B,Vohr BR,Lowe J,Newman JE,Wallace D,Lacy CB,Davis EP,Granger DA,Shankaran S,Payne A,Higgins RD,
Adrenal function links to early postnatal growth and blood pressure at age 6 in children born extremely preterm.
Pediatr Res. 2018 Dec 12;
Low birth weight in term-born individuals correlates with adverse cardiometabolic outcomes; excess glucocorticoid exposure has been linked to these relationships. We hypothesized that cortisol and adrenal androgens would correlate inversely with birthweight and directly with markers of cardiometabolic risk in school-aged children born extremely preterm; further, preterm-born would have increased cortisol and adrenal androgens compared to term-born children.
PMID: 30631138
Morgan RG,Ridsdale J,Payne M,Heesom KJ,Wilson MC,Davidson A,Greenhough A,Davies S,Williams AC,Blair A,Waterman ML,Tonks A,Darley RL
LEF-1 drives aberrant ß-catenin nuclear localization in myeloid leukemia cells.
Haematologica. 2019 Jan 10;
Canonical Wnt/ß-catenin signaling is frequently dysregulated in myeloid leukemias and is implicated in leukemogenesis. Nuclear-localized ß-catenin is indicative of active Wnt signaling and is frequently observed in acute myeloid leukemia patients; however, some patients exhibit little or no nuclear ß-catenin even where cytosolic ß-catenin is abundant. Control of the subcellular localization of ß-catenin therefore represents an additional mechanism regulating Wnt signaling in hematopoietic cells. To investigate the factors mediating the nuclear-localization of ß-catenin we carried out the first nuclear/cytoplasmic proteomic analysis of the ß-catenin interactome in myeloid leukemia cells and identified putative novel ß-catenin interactors. Comparison of interacting factors between Wnt-responsive cells (high nuclear ß-catenin) versus Wnt-unresponsive cells (low nuclear ß-catenin) suggested the transcriptional partner, LEF-1, could direct the nuclear-localization of ß-catenin. The relative levels of nuclear LEF-1 and ß-catenin were tightly correlated in both cell lines and in primary AML blasts. Furthermore, LEF-1 knockdown perturbed ß-catenin nuclear-localization and transcriptional activation in Wnt-responsive cells. Conversely, LEF-1 overexpression was able to promote both nuclear-localization and ß-catenin-dependent transcriptional responses in previously Wnt-unresponsive cells. This is the first ß-catenin interactome study in hematopoietic cells and reveals LEF-1 as a mediator of nuclear ß-catenin level human myeloid leukemia.
PMID: 30630973
REPLY TO THE LETTER TO THE EDITOR.
Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2019 Jan 11;
PMID: 30641145
Amani M,Zolghadrnasab M,Salari AA
NMDA receptor in the hippocampus alters neurobehavioral phenotypes through inflammatory cytokines in rats with sporadic Alzheimer-like disease.
Physiol Behav. 2019 Jan 11;
Many patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) suffer from memory impairment, anxiety- and depression. The systemic utility of N-Methyl-d-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists has been shown to be potential therapeutic target for memory loss in AD. However, there is no evidence that shows whether NMDA receptor antagonists have the same effects when these blockers are directly used within the brain regions including hippocampus. It might be an urgent to further explore the therapeutic role of NMDA receptor antagonists in behavioral abnormalities such as anxiety and depression in AD. The aim of this study was to determine whether blockade of the hippocampal NMDA receptors could attenuate neurobehavioral abnormalities in rats with sporadic AD. Twelve days after AD induction by streptozotocin (STZ), animals received either vehicle or MK-801 (NMDA receptor antagonist) in the hippocampus for 10?days. Two or five days after the last MK-801 treatment, spatial memory, anxiety- and depression-related behaviors, and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-(IL)-6, IL-1ß and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a) were evaluated. Our findings indicated that STZ treatment significantly elevated hippocampal inflammation, impaired spatial memory, and increased anxiety- and depression-related symptoms in rats. Interestingly, the hippocampal NMDA receptor blockade improved these neurobehavioral phenotypes and decreased inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus of STZ-treated rats. Hippocampal NMDA receptors might be involved in neurobehavioral abnormalities via inflammation in sporadic AD.
PMID: 30641081
Gordon C,Gonzales S,Krychman ML
Rethinking the techno vagina: a case series of patient complications following vaginal laser treatment for atrophy.
Menopause. 2019 Jan 04;
The treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) includes prescription hormone therapy, nonhormonal over-the-counter products, and most recently, laser treatment. Although the Food and Drug Administration has cleared fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser for a variety of dermatologic and gynecologic indications, lasers have not to date, been approved for use for vulvar/vaginal atrophy, or sexual dysfunction.
PMID: 30640806
Mo JH,Elsensohn AN,Garcia D,Lee PK,de Feraudy S
Nonhealing Crusted Papule on the Nasal Sidewall.
Dermatol Surg. 2019 Jan 11;
PMID: 30640786
Shive M,Zachary C,Lee P
Moh Play-Doh Please: Using Modeling Clay to Teach Concepts Underlying Mohs Micrographic Surgery.
Dermatol Surg. 2019 Jan 11;
PMID: 30640768
Shapiro WL,Yu EL,Arin JC,Murray K,Ali S,Desai N,Xanthakos S,Lin H,Alkhouri N,Abdou R,Abrams S,Butler MW,Faasse SA,Gillis LA,Hadley TA,Jain AK,Kavan M,Kordy K,Lee P,Panganiban J,Pohl JF,Potter C,Rudolph B,Sundaram SS,Joshi S,Proudfoot J,Goyal NP,Harlow KE,Newton KP,Schwimmer JB
Clinical Practice Approach to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Pediatric Gastroenterologists in the United States.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2018 Oct 29;
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common; however, no information is available on how pediatric gastroenterologists in the United States manage NAFLD. Therefore, study objectives were to: (1) understand how pediatric gastroenterologists in the US approach the management of NAFLD (2) identify barriers to care for children with NAFLD.
PMID: 30640271
Halpern P,Dang T,Epstein Y,Bringas Dimitriades DVS-,Koenig KL
Six Hours of Manual Ventilation With a Bag-Valve-Mask Device Is Feasible and Clinically Consistent.
Crit Care Med. 2019 Jan 10;
Manual ventilation of intubated patients is a common intervention. It requires skill as well as physical effort and is typically restricted to brief periods. Prolonged manual ventilation may be unavoidable in some scenarios, for example, extreme mass casualty incidents. The present study tested whether nurses are capable of appropriately manually ventilating patients for 6 hours.
PMID: 30640219
Kaganyuk M,Mohraz A
Role of particles in the rheology of solid-stabilized high internal phase emulsions.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2019 Jan 02;540:197-206
The presence of colloidal particles on fluid interfaces can have a significant impact on the rheology of solid-stabilized high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs).
PMID: 30640067
Yafi FA,Hellstrom WJG
Immediate Placement of Penile Prosthesis for the Management of Ischemic Priapism as First-line Treatment.
Eur Urol Focus. 2019 Jan 10;
In patients presenting with early ischemic priapism, proceeding with the conventional paradigm is recommended. In those presenting late (>48 h), penile prosthesis placement can easily be performed 2-6 wk later, with no increase in surgical difficulty or morbidity. Immediate penile prosthesis implantation should be reserved for motivated patients who understand the increased associated risks, have evidence of corporal fibrosis on imaging, and are being treated in a center of excellence.
PMID: 30639251
Yuan OD,Lin C,Wagner J,Archard J,Deng P,Halmai J,Bauer G,Fink K,Fury B,Perotti N,Walker J,Pollock K,Apperson M,Butters J,Belafsky P,Farwell DG,Kuhn M,Nolta JA,Anderson JD
Exosomes Derived from Human Primed Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Mitosis and Potentiate Growth Factor Secretion.
Stem Cells Dev. 2019 Jan 14;
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) facilitate functional recovery in numerous animal models of inflammatory and ischemic tissue related diseases with a growing body of research suggesting that exosomes mediate many of these therapeutic effects. It remains unclear, however, which types of proteins are packaged into exosomes as compared to the cells from which they are derived. Here, using comprehensive proteomic analysis, we demonstrated that human primed MSCs secrete exosomes (pMEX) that are packaged with markedly higher fractions of specific protein subclasses as compared to their cells of origin, indicating regulation of their contents. Notably, we found that pMEX are also packaged with substantially elevated levels of extracellular associated proteins. Fibronectin was the most abundant protein detected and data established that fibronectin mediates the mitogenic properties of pMEX. In addition, treatment of SHSY5Y cells with pMEX induced the secretion of growth factors known to possess mitogenic and neurotrophic properties. Taken together, our comprehensive analysis indicates that pMEX are packaged with specific protein subtypes which may provide a molecular basis for their distinct functional properties.
PMID: 30638129
Du X,Shi R,Wang Y,Wu W,Sun S,Dai Z,Chen C,Weng Z,Li X,Liu Q,Zhang L,Saidian M,Yang W
Isoforskolin and forskolin attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation through TLR4/MyD88/NF-?B cascades in human mononuclear leukocytes.
Phytother Res. 2019 Jan 14;
The principal active component of isoforskolin (ISOF) is from the plant Coleus forskohlii, native to China, which has attracted much attention for its biological effects. We hypothesize that ISOF and forskolin (FSK) pretreatment attenuates inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) related to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-?B) signaling. Mononuclear leukocytes (MLs) from healthy donors' blood samples were separated by using density gradient centrifugation. Protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-?B were detected using western blot and inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL) 1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-21, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) a, and TNF-ß were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Quantibody array in MLs. Our results showed that LPS augmented the protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-?B in MLs and the production of IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-21, IL-23, TNF-a, and TNF-ß in supernatants of MLs. Despite treatment with ISOF and FSK prior to LPS, the protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-?B, IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-21, IL-23, TNF-a, and TNF-ß in MLs were apparently decreased. roflumilast (RF) and dexamethasone (DM) had a similar effect on MLs with ISOF and FSK. Our results, for the first time, have shown that ISOF and FSK attenuate inflammation in MLs induced by LPS through down-regulating protein levels of IL-1ß and TNF-a, in which TLR4/MyD88/NF-?B signal pathway could be involved.
PMID: 30637903
Prasad KN,Bondy SC
Oxidative and Inflammatory Events in Prion Diseases: Can They Be Therapeutic Targets?
Curr Aging Sci. 2019 Jan 10;
Prion diseases are a group of incurable infectious terminal neurodegenerative diseases caused by the aggregated misfolded PrPsc in selected mammals including humans. The complex physical interaction between normal prion protein PrPc and infectious PrPsc causes conformational change from the a- helix structure of PrPc to the ß-sheet structure of PrPsc, and this process is repeated. Increased oxidative stress is one of the factors that facilitate conversion of PrPc to PrPsc. This overview presents evidence to show that increased oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the progression of this disease. Evidence is given for the participation of redox-sensitive metals Cu and Fe with PrPsc in inducing oxidative stress by disturbing the homeostasis of these metals. The fact that some antioxidants block the toxicity of misfolded PrPc peptide supports the role of oxidative stress in prion disease. After exogenous infection in mice, PrPsc enters the follicular dendritic cells where PrPsc replicates before neuroinvasion where they continue to replicate and cause inflammation leading to neurodegeneration. Therefore, reducing levels of oxidative stress and inflammation may decrease the rate of the progression of this disease. It may be important order to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation at the same time. This may be achieved by increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes by activating the Nrf2 pathway together with simultaneous administration of dietary and endogenous antioxidants. It is proposed that a mixture of micronutrients could enable these concurrent events thereby reducing the progression of human prion disease.
PMID: 30636622
Bower MM,Sweidan AJ,Shafie M,Atallah S,Groysman LI,Yu W
Contemporary Reversal of Oral Anticoagulation in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
Stroke. 2019 Jan 14;:STROKEAHA118023840
PMID: 30636573
Ma H,Yu S,Liu X,Zhang Y,Fakadej T,Liu Z,Yin C,Shen W,Locasale JW,Taylor JM,Qian L,Liu J
Lin28a Regulates Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophic Growth through Pck2-Mediated Enhancement of Anabolic Synthesis.
Circulation. 2019 Jan 14;
Hypertrophic response to pathological stimuli is a complex biological process that involves transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of the cardiac transcriptome. Though previous studies have implicated transcriptional factors and signaling molecules in pathological hypertrophy, the role of RNA-binding protein (RBP) in this process has received little attention.
PMID: 30636447
Adachi I,Adye T,Ahmed H,Ahn JK,Aihara H,Akar S,Alam MS,Albert J,Anulli F,Arnaud N,Asner DM,Aston D,Atmacan H,Aushev T,Ayad R,Babu V,Badhrees I,Bakich AM,Banerjee S,Bansal V,Barlow RJ,Batignani G,Beaulieu A,Behera P,Bellis M,Ben-Haim E,Bernard D,Bernlochner FU,Bettarini S,Bettoni D,Bevan AJ,Bhardwaj V,Bhuyan B,Bianchi F,Biasini M,Biswal J,Blinov VE,Bomben M,Bondar A,Bonneaud GR,Bozek A,Bozzi C,Bracko M,Browder TE,Brown DN,Brown DN,Bünger C,Burchat PR,Buzykaev AR,Calabrese R,Calcaterra A,Calderini G,Di Carlo S,Carpinelli M,Cartaro C,Casarosa G,Cenci R,Chao DS,Chauveau J,Cheaib R,Chen A,Chen C,Cheng CH,Cheon BG,Chilikin K,Cho K,Choi Y,Choudhury S,Chrzaszcz M,Cibinetto G,Cinabro D,Cochran J,Coleman JP,Convery MR,Cowan G,Cowan R,Cremaldi L,Cunliffe S,Dash N,Davier M,Davis CL,De Mori F,De Nardo G,Denig AG,de Sangro R,Dey B,Di Lodovico F,Dittrich S,Doležal Z,Dorfan J,Drásal Z,Druzhinin VP,Dunwoodie W,Ebert M,Echenard B,Eidelman S,Eigen G,Eisner AM,Emery S,Epifanov D,Ernst JA,Faccini R,Fast JE,Feindt M,Ferber T,Ferrarotto F,Ferroni F,Field RC,Filippi A,Finocchiaro G,Fioravanti E,Flood KT,Forti F,Fritsch M,Fulsom BG,Gabathuler E,Gamba D,Garg R,Garmash A,Gary JW,Garzia I,Gaur V,Gaz A,Gelb M,Gershon TJ,Li Gioi L,Giorgi MA,Giri A,Godang R,Goldenzweig P,Golob B,Golubev VB,Gorodeisky R,Gradl W,Graham MT,Grauges E,Griessinger K,Gritsan AV,Grünberg O,Guan Y,Guido E,Guttman N,Haba J,Hafner A,Hara T,Harrison PF,Hast C,Hayasaka K,Hayashii H,Hearty C,Heck M,Hedges MT,Heß M,Hirose S,Hitlin DG,Honscheid K,Hou WS,Hsu CL,Huard Z,Van Hulse C,Hutchcroft DE,Inami K,Inguglia G,Innes WR,Ishikawa A,Itoh R,Iwasaki M,Iwasaki Y,Izen JM,Jacobs WW,Jawahery A,Jessop CP,Jia S,Jin Y,Joo KK,Julius T,Kaliyar AB,Kang KH,Karyan G,Kass R,Kichimi H,Kim DY,Kim JB,Kim KT,Kim SH,Kim J,Kim P,King GJ,Kinoshita K,Koch H,Kodyš P,Kolomensky YG,Korpar S,Kotchetkov D,Kowalewski R,Kravchenko EA,Križan P,Kroeger R,Krokovny P,Kuhr T,Kulasiri R,Kumita T,Kuzmin A,Kwon YJ,Lacker HM,Lafferty GD,Lanceri L,Lange JS,Lange DJ,Lankford AJ,Latham TE,Leddig T,Le Diberder F,Lee IS,Lee SC,Lees JP,Leith DWGS,Li LK,Li YB,Li Y,Libby J,Liventsev D,Lockman WS,Long O,LoSecco JM,Lou XC,Lubej M,Lueck T,Luitz S,Luo T,Luppi E,Lusiani A,Lutz AM,MacFarlane DB,MacNaughton J,Mallik U,Manoni E,Marchiori G,Margoni M,Martellotti S,Martinez-Vidal F,Masuda M,Matsuda T,Mattison TS,Matvienko D,McKenna JA,Meadows BT,Merola M,Miyabayashi K,Miyashita TS,Miyata H,Mizuk R,Mohanty GB,Moon HK,Mori T,Muller DR,Müller T,Mussa R,Nakano E,Nakao M,Nanut T,Nath KJ,Nayak M,Neal H,Neri N,Nisar NK,Nishida S,Nugent IM,Oberhof B,Ocariz J,Ogawa S,Ongmongkolkul P,Ono H,Onuchin AP,Onuki Y,Oyanguren A,Pakhlov P,Pakhlova G,Pal B,Palano A,Palombo F,Panduro Vazquez W,Paoloni E,Pardi S,Park H,Passaggio S,Patrignani C,Patteri P,Paul S,Pavelkin I,Payne DJ,Pedlar TK,Peimer DR,Peruzzi IM,Pestotnik R,Piccolo M,Piilonen LE,Pilloni A,Piredda G,Poireau V,Popov V,Porter FC,Posocco M,Prell S,Prepost R,Puccio EMT,Purohit MV,Pushpawela BG,Rama M,Randle-Conde A,Ratcliff BN,Raven G,Resmi PK,Ritchie JL,Ritter M,Rizzo G,Roberts DA,Robertson SH,Röhrken M,Roney JM,Roodman A,Rossi A,Rotondo M,Rozanska M,Russo G,Sacco R,Al Said S,Sakai Y,Salehi M,Sandilya S,Santelj L,Santoro V,Sanuki T,Savinov V,Schneider O,Schnell G,Schroeder T,Schubert KR,Schwanda C,Schwartz AJ,Schwitters RF,Sciacca C,Seddon RM,Seino Y,Sekula SJ,Senyo K,Seon O,Serednyakov SI,Sevior ME,Shebalin V,Shen CP,Shibata TA,Shimizu N,Shiu JG,Simi G,Simon F,Simonetto F,Skovpen YI,Smith JG,Smith AJS,So RY,Sobie RJ,Soffer A,Sokoloff MD,Solodov EP,Solovieva E,Spanier SM,Staric M,Stroili R,Sullivan MK,Sumisawa K,Sumiyoshi T,Summers DJ,Sun L,Takizawa M,Tamponi U,Tanida K,Taras P,Tasneem N,Tenchini F,Tisserand V,Todyshevx KY,Touramanis C,Uchida M,Uglov T,Unno Y,Uno S,Vahsen SE,Varner G,Vasseur G,Va'vra J,Cervenkov D,Verderi M,Vitale L,Vorobyev V,Voß C,Wagner SR,Waheed E,Waldi R,Walsh JJ,Wang B,Wang CH,Wang MZ,Wang P,Watanabe Y,Wilson FF,Wilson JR,Wisniewski WJ,Won E,Wormser G,Wright DM,Wu SL,Ye H,Yuan CZ,Yusa Y,Zakharov S,Zallo A,Zani L,Zhang ZP,Zhilich V,Zhukova V,Zhulanov V,Zupanc A, ,
First Evidence for cos2ß>0 and Resolution of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Quark-Mixing Unitarity Triangle Ambiguity.
Phys Rev Lett. 2018 Dec 28;121(26):261801
We present first evidence that the cosine of the CP-violating weak phase 2ß is positive, and hence exclude trigonometric multifold solutions of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) Unitarity Triangle using a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of B^{0}?D^{(*)}h^{0} with D?K_{S}^{0}p^{+}p^{-} decays, where h^{0}?{p^{0},?,?} denotes a light unflavored and neutral hadron. The measurement is performed combining the final data sets of the BABAR and Belle experiments collected at the ?(4S) resonance at the asymmetric-energy B factories PEP-II at SLAC and KEKB at KEK, respectively. The data samples contain (471±3)×10^{6}BB[over ¯] pairs recorded by the BABAR detector and (772±11)×10^{6}BB[over ¯] pairs recorded by the Belle detector. The results of the measurement are sin2ß=0.80±0.14(stat)±0.06(syst)±0.03(model) and cos2ß=0.91±0.22(stat)±0.09(syst)±0.07(model). The result for the direct measurement of the angle ß of the CKM Unitarity Triangle is ß=[22.5±4.4(stat)±1.2(syst)±0.6(model)]°. The measurement assumes no direct CP violation in B^{0}?D^{(*)}h^{0} decays. The quoted model uncertainties are due to the composition of the D^{0}?K_{S}^{0}p^{+}p^{-} decay amplitude model, which is newly established by performing a Dalitz plot amplitude analysis using a high-statistics e^{+}e^{-}?cc[over ¯] data sample. CP violation is observed in B^{0}?D^{(*)}h^{0} decays at the level of 5.1 standard deviations. The significance for cos2ß>0 is 3.7 standard deviations. The trigonometric multifold solution p/2-ß=(68.1±0.7)° is excluded at the level of 7.3 standard deviations. The measurement resolves an ambiguity in the determination of the apex of the CKM Unitarity Triangle.
PMID: 30636113
Adams AL,Li BH,Bhandari S,Kamat S,Sundar S,Krasa H,Rhee CM,Kalantar-Zadeh K,Jacobsen SJ,Sim JJ
Chronic hyponatremia and association with osteoporosis among a large racially/ethnically diverse population.
Osteoporos Int. 2019 Jan 11;
Chronic hyponatremia may contribute to decreased bone density. We studied 341,003 men and women who underwent DXA testing and observed that individuals with chronic hyponatremia (sodium
PMID: 30635697
Mesitov MV,Yu T,Suematsu T,Sement FM,Zhang L,Yu C,Huang L,Aphasizheva I
Pentatricopeptide repeat poly(A) binding protein KPAF4 stabilizes mitochondrial mRNAs in Trypanosoma brucei.
Nat Commun. 2019 Jan 11;10(1):146
In Trypanosoma brucei, most mitochondrial mRNAs undergo editing, and 3' adenylation and uridylation. The internal sequence changes and terminal extensions are coordinated: pre-editing addition of the short (A) tail protects the edited transcript against 3'-5' degradation, while post-editing A/U-tailing renders mRNA competent for translation. Participation of a poly(A) binding protein (PABP) in coupling of editing and 3' modification processes has been inferred, but its identity and mechanism of action remained elusive. We report identification of KPAF4, a pentatricopeptide repeat-containing PABP which sequesters the A-tail and impedes mRNA degradation. Conversely, KPAF4 inhibits uridylation of A-tailed transcripts and, therefore, premature A/U-tailing of partially-edited mRNAs. This quality check point likely prevents translation of incompletely edited mRNAs. We also find that RNA editing substrate binding complex (RESC) mediates the interaction between the 5' end-bound pyrophosphohydrolase MERS1 and 3' end-associated KPAF4 to enable mRNA circularization. This event appears to be critical for edited mRNA stability.
PMID: 30635574
Moskowitz D,Gioia KT,Wolff EM,Massman JD,Lucioni A,Kobashi KC,Lee UJ
Analysis of the Completely Dry Rate over Time after Mid-Urethral Sling in a Real-World Clinical Setting.
Urology. 2019 Jan 08;
To improve patient counseling regarding mid-urethral slings (MUS), we performed an analysis of MUS patients dry at initial follow up to evaluate probability of remaining dry over time, and analyzed clinical factors potentially influencing the probability of remaining dry.
PMID: 30634028
Genaro K,Fabris D,Prado WA
The antinociceptive effect of anterior pretectal nucleus stimulation is mediated by distinct neurotransmitter mechanisms in descending pain pathways.
Brain Res Bull. 2019 Jan 08;
Electrical stimulation of the anterior pretectal nucleus (APtN) activates two descending pain inhibitory pathways. One of these pathways relays in the ipsilateral lateral paragigantocellular nucleus (LPGi), whereas the other pathway relays in the contralateral pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg). Antinociceptive effect of APtN stimulation has been seen in various pain models in the rodents. Similarly, LPGi or PPTg stimulation results in higher pain thresholds. Descending antinociceptive pathways activated by electrical APtN stimulation have been elucidated, but the underlying neurotransmitter mechanisms involved have not been clarified yet. This study investigates the role that endogenous signaling plays in the ipsilateral LPGi or contralateral PPTg after the APtN is stimulated in the tail-flick test. First, we submitted rats to excitotoxic injection of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) into the contralateral PPTg. Then, we examined whether blockage of NMDA (AP-7), serotonergic (methysergide), or opioid (naloxone) receptors in the ipsilateral LPGi is required for APtN stimulation-evoked analgesia (SEA). Likewise, we examined the effects of antagonists of NMDA, serotonergic, or cholinergic nicotinic (mecamylamine) receptors on the contralateral PPTg in ipsilateral LPGi-lesioned rats. Our results confirmed that APtN stimulation activates two pain inhibitory pathways and showed that endogenous opioid signaling in the ipsilateral LPGi appears to be necessary for APtN SEA and for endogenous NMDA, serotoninergic, and nicotinergic signaling in the contralateral PPTg.
PMID: 30634015
Moreira X,Abdala-Roberts L,Pérez-Ramos IM,Knops JMH,Pesendorfer MB,Koenig WD,Mooney KA
Weather cues associated with masting behavior dampen the negative autocorrelation between past and current reproduction in oaks.
Am J Bot. 2019 Jan 11;
The influence of weather conditions on masting and the ecological advantages of this reproductive behavior have been the subject of much interest. Weather conditions act as cues influencing reproduction of individual plants, and similar responses expressed across many individuals lead to population-level synchrony in reproductive output. In turn, synchrony leads to benefits from economies of scale such as enhanced pollination success and seed predator satiation. However, there may also be individual-level benefits from reproductive responses to weather cues, which may explain the origin of masting in the absence of economies of scale. In a previous study, we found support for a mechanism whereby individual responses to weather cues attenuate the negative autocorrelation between past and current annual seed production-a pattern typically attributed to resource limitation and reproductive tradeoffs among years.
PMID: 30633821
Gallo LC,Roesch SC,Bravin JI,Savin KL,Perreira K,Carnethon MR,Delamater AM,Salazar CR,Lopez-Gurrola M,Isasi CR
Socioeconomic Adversity, Social Resources, and Allostatic Load among Hispanic/Latino Youth: The Study of Latino Youth.
Psychosom Med. 2019 Jan 10;
We examined associations among socioeconomic adversity, social resources, and allostatic load in Hispanic/Latino youth, who are at high risk for obesity and related cardiometabolic risks.
PMID: 30633066
Sharma AN,Tiourin E,Banyard DA,Sharma SN,Ng WKY
Clinical Utility of Postoperative Computed Tomography Imaging in Orbital Floor Fracture Management.
Ann Plast Surg. 2019 Jan 09;
Surgical repair of orbital floor fractures aims to improve visual function and appearance. Postoperative care often involves computed tomography (CT) imaging in addition to physical examination. It has yet to be investigated whether postoperative CT imaging influences treatment of orbital floor fractures.
PMID: 30633017
Kral TRA,Stodola DE,Birn RM,Mumford JA,Solis E,Flook L,Patsenko EG,Anderson CG,Steinkuehler C,Davidson RJ
Neural correlates of video game empathy training in adolescents: a randomized trial.
NPJ Sci Learn. 2018;3:13
The ability to understand emotional experiences of others, empathy, is a valuable skill for effective social interactions. Various types of training increase empathy in adolescents, but their impact on brain circuits underlying empathy has not been examined. Video games provide a unique medium familiar and engaging to adolescents and can be used to deliver training at scale. We developed an empathy training video game, Crystals of Kaydor (Crystals), and investigated whether playing Crystals increases empathic accuracy (EA) and related brain activation in adolescents (?=?74; 27 female; mean age(sd)?=?12.8(0.7) years; age range 11-14 years). Participants completed a resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) scan and an EA task during an fMRI scan before and after 2 weeks of daily gameplay with either the empathy training game, Crystals (?=?34), or the commercial video game Bastion (?=?40), an active control condition. There were no group differences in EA improvement following gameplay, however, engagement with training aspects of Crystals was associated with a higher increase in EA-related activation in right temporoparietal junction following gameplay. Moreover, rs-fMRI connectivity in empathy-related brain circuits (posterior cingulate-medial prefrontal cortex; MPFC) was stronger after Crystals gameplay compared to Bastion. The more individuals' EA increased following Crystals versus Bastion, the stronger their rs-fMRI connectivity in brain circuits relevant for emotion regulation (amygdala-MPFC). These findings suggest that a video game designed to increase empathic accuracy produces behaviorally-relevant, functional neural changes in fewer than 6?h of gameplay in adolescents.
PMID: 30631474
Watterberg KL,Hintz SR,Do B,Vohr BR,Lowe J,Newman JE,Wallace D,Lacy CB,Davis EP,Granger DA,Shankaran S,Payne A,Higgins RD,
Adrenal function links to early postnatal growth and blood pressure at age 6 in children born extremely preterm.
Pediatr Res. 2018 Dec 12;
Low birth weight in term-born individuals correlates with adverse cardiometabolic outcomes; excess glucocorticoid exposure has been linked to these relationships. We hypothesized that cortisol and adrenal androgens would correlate inversely with birthweight and directly with markers of cardiometabolic risk in school-aged children born extremely preterm; further, preterm-born would have increased cortisol and adrenal androgens compared to term-born children.
PMID: 30631138
Morgan RG,Ridsdale J,Payne M,Heesom KJ,Wilson MC,Davidson A,Greenhough A,Davies S,Williams AC,Blair A,Waterman ML,Tonks A,Darley RL
LEF-1 drives aberrant ß-catenin nuclear localization in myeloid leukemia cells.
Haematologica. 2019 Jan 10;
Canonical Wnt/ß-catenin signaling is frequently dysregulated in myeloid leukemias and is implicated in leukemogenesis. Nuclear-localized ß-catenin is indicative of active Wnt signaling and is frequently observed in acute myeloid leukemia patients; however, some patients exhibit little or no nuclear ß-catenin even where cytosolic ß-catenin is abundant. Control of the subcellular localization of ß-catenin therefore represents an additional mechanism regulating Wnt signaling in hematopoietic cells. To investigate the factors mediating the nuclear-localization of ß-catenin we carried out the first nuclear/cytoplasmic proteomic analysis of the ß-catenin interactome in myeloid leukemia cells and identified putative novel ß-catenin interactors. Comparison of interacting factors between Wnt-responsive cells (high nuclear ß-catenin) versus Wnt-unresponsive cells (low nuclear ß-catenin) suggested the transcriptional partner, LEF-1, could direct the nuclear-localization of ß-catenin. The relative levels of nuclear LEF-1 and ß-catenin were tightly correlated in both cell lines and in primary AML blasts. Furthermore, LEF-1 knockdown perturbed ß-catenin nuclear-localization and transcriptional activation in Wnt-responsive cells. Conversely, LEF-1 overexpression was able to promote both nuclear-localization and ß-catenin-dependent transcriptional responses in previously Wnt-unresponsive cells. This is the first ß-catenin interactome study in hematopoietic cells and reveals LEF-1 as a mediator of nuclear ß-catenin level human myeloid leukemia.
PMID: 30630973
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